Lactobacillus
Bulgaricus, the bacterium that is responsible for giving
Bulgarian yoghourt its unique flavour and consistency,
can only be found in Bulgarian air.
An original national product
The Bulgarian sour milk (kiselo mliako)
is an original national product. Outside Bulgaria it is
known by the name of "yoghourt". It is supposed
that the Bulgarian sour milk was connected with sheep-breeding,
which can be traced back to Thracian times. Shepherds
made a great variety of products using the large output
of milk. It is believed that the best masters of yoghourt
came from the Razgrad district. Yoghourt is obtained from
full-cream milk after lacto-acidic fermentation at a temperature
of 40-45 degrees C. Depending on the type of milk used,
the sour milk may be sheep, cow, buffalo, or mixed yoghourt.
The greatest amount of fats is found in buffalo yoghourt
- 7.5 per cent, followed by sheep yoghourt - 6.5 per cent
and cow yoghourt - 3.6 per cent.
Recipes
Here follows a description
of how you yourself can produce Bulgarian sour milk, fulfilling
the recipe of the Razgrad masters: Ingredients: 1 liter
of fresh milk; 1 spoonful of sour milk to start fermentation.
Directions: Boil the milk
and let it cool to 38-40 degrees C (it should be a little
warmer than your hand). Pour 1/4 teacupful of it on the
portion of sour milk required to start fermentation and
mix well. Then add this mixture to the fresh milk. Stir
well, cover the pot with a lid, wrap it with a woollen
blanket and leave it in a warm place. The temperature
of 38-40 degrees C should be maintained for three hours,
while the sour milk fermentation develops. The yoghourt
thus obtained is kept in the refrigerator. Here is a recipe
for COLD YOGHOURT SOUP (TARRATOR) - perfect for hot suumer
days: 1 lb. plain yoghourt; 1 1/2 cups cold water; 1 peeled
and finely chopped cucumber; 2 cloves garlic (crushed);
4 tbsp vegetable or olive oil; 1 tsp salt; 2 tbsp fresh
dill; 1/2 cup finely chopped walnuts (optional) In a large
bowl mix yoghourt and water until smooth. Add all other
ingredients, stir well. Serve. Makes 6-8 servings. In
hot summer days you can add 1 of cube ice in each serving
bowl.
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